Proactive Organizational Tips for Messy Student Desks

Proactive Organizational Tips for Messy Student Desks Flawless work areas are basic to assist understudies with building useful investigation propensities, authoritative aptitudes, and an unmistakable psyche for focus. That positive inclination you get when you stroll into your homeroom in the first part of the day and things are totally fixed up from the evening before it works the equivalent for understudies. At the point when they have clean work areas, they will like school as a rule and the entire study hall has a superior air for learning. Here are four authoritative issues and the basic methodologies that will assist understudies with keeping their work areas as flawless and organized as possible.â â 1. Little Stuff is Everywhere The Solution: A plastic shoebox-size holder, which can be purchased at any large box store like Wal-bazaar or Target, is a modest and enduring arrangement that keeps the entirety of the seemingly insignificant details together in one spot. No more pencils, adding machines, or colored pencils stuffed in the alcoves and corners of a work area. When you purchase a lot of these holders, theyll last you years (and spare you at any rate at least twelve silver hairs!). 2. Free Paper Explosions The Solution: If you look in your understudies work areas and see incalculable free papers flying all around, at that point you need a time tested arrangement the Neat Folder. Its basic simply give every understudy an organizer wherein to keep the free papers that they will require again later on. With the entirety of the things solidified, within the work area accept a progressively sorted out and complex look. (All things considered, in any event as complex as a 30-year-old school work area can look.) Give understudies each shading coded envelopes that correspond with each subject. For instance, a blue envelope is for math, a red organizer is for social examinations, greenâ is for science, and orange is language expressions. 3. There Isnt Enough Room The Solution: If there are basically such a large number of things in your understudies work areas, consider keeping a portion of the less-utilized books in a typical zone, to be conveyed just when required. Investigate what youre requesting that kids store in their work areas. On the off chance that its a lot for comfort, lighten a portion of the things in rivalry for valuable extra room. Each and every piece has any kind of effect, so take a stab at making space on the shelf only for understudy reading material. This will help reduce the entirety of that additional messiness in their work areas. 4. Understudies Just Wont Keep Their Desks Clean The Solution: As soon as its cleaned up, it changes once more into its once in the past unfortunate state. A few understudies simply cant appear to keep their work areas clean for any length of time. Consider actualizing a program of outcomes and additionally compensations to propel the understudy to keep up the best possible norms of work area tidiness. Perhaps the understudy needs to miss break, possibly the person in question can move in the direction of acquiring a benefit. Discover an arrangement that works for that understudy and stick to it. Altered by Janelle Cox

Criticism of a Social Group

Analysis of a Social Group The intergroup affectability impact happens when individuals see analysis of a social gathering they have a place with. Gathering individuals assessment of the analysis relies to a great extent upon the wellspring of the message. As per social character hypothesis outgroup individuals are normally assessed less emphatically than ingroup individuals since individuals are propelled to see their gathering (and themselves) as more ideal than a reference gathering. Applying this ingroup inclination to intergroup reactions; outgroup pundits are assessed less decidedly than ingroup pundits, and their remarks stimulate more noteworthy affectability than do similar remarks made by an ingroup part. Since ingroup individuals get increasingly positive examination, their reactions are seen as progressively helpful, incite less affectability, and are concurred with additional. Research by Hornsey and Imani (2003) upheld the intergroup affectability impact by uncovering that ingroup pundits were me t with less protectiveness than were outgroup pundits, paying little heed to the measure of experience they had with the ingroup. The odd one out impact is another marvel identified with social character. At the point when ingroup part go astray from the characterizing standards of the gathering they undermine the picture of the gathering. One objective of gathering participation is certain uniqueness; to be particular from a reference bunch in a progressively positive manner. At the point when ingroup individuals veer off from standards that characterize the gathering they compromise the positive uniqueness of the gathering. These people are then contrarily assessed. The odd one out impact alludes to increasingly negative assessments of ingroup degenerates contrasted with outgroup individuals, freak or something else. Outgroup freaks can't compromise the positive uniqueness of the gathering like an ingroup part can. Gatherings may tend to concede to more outrageous situations than those held by people through a procedure called bunch polarization. Regularly this happens following gathering conversation. Two speculations may represent this wonder, social correlation hypothesis (SCT) and convincing contentions hypothesis (PAT). As per SCT, individuals are roused to assess and introduce themselves emphatically, so as to do this an individual must be consistently preparing data about how others present themselves and alter their self-introductions as needs be. Individuals likewise need to be seen to be better than normal so they present themselves in an increasingly great light. At the point when all individuals from a gathering participate in this looking at process the outcome is a move toward a path of saw more noteworthy worth. To do this individuals take part in expulsion of pluralistic obliviousness, where they present their perspectives as bargains between the perfect and the longing to not be excessively degenerate from the gathering. Individuals at that point will in general move towards the perfect position, prompting bunch polarization. The temporary fad impact, or need to feel superior, additionally happens on the grounds that individuals need to appear as something else and unmistakable from othe rs in their gathering an increasingly positive way. This happens when individuals deduce the standard of the gathering, at that point move their reaction to an increasingly perfect position. The influential contentions hypothesis (PAT) proposes that a people decision or position on an issue is an element of the number and convincingness of master and con contentions that that individual reviews from memory while defining their position. Conversation causes polarization since it gives enticing contentions to the person. These contentions will in general be assessed on their legitimacy and curiosity. A meta-examination by Isenberg (1986) recommended that, while there is proof for both SCT and PAT as middle people of gathering polarization, PAT will in general have a more grounded impact. While both may happen at the same time, there is proof that they are two theoretically autonomous procedures. One of the essential ways that people keep up freedom from standards related with social gatherings is through social help. Allen (1975) suggested that social help serves to give an evaluation of physical and social reality. Under circumstances of congruity (tentatively controlled by accord on an off base answer) social help urges people to communicate reactions conflicting with those of the gathering. Social help neutralizes negative social elements identified with contradict by lessening tension identified with potential dismissal, and diminishing the observation that the gathering will make negative dispositional attributions about the nonconformist. On a psychological premise, social help helps resistance by just breaking the desire for bunch agreement, by intellectually rebuilding the importance of a given boost, and by consoling the contradicting individual that they have not put some distance between the real world. Individuality helped by social help is upgraded by past socia l contact with the supporter, and happen whether the supporter is an ingroup or outgroup part (as long as the similarity issue isn't identified with the notable social character. The viability of minority impact depends on various variables. As indicated by Moscovici Faucheux (1972) one of the primary components is consistency of the message. Individuals are inspired to look for consistency in their social world and it is simpler to convince people of the authenticity of ones view on issues when the message is steady, especially when the appropriate response is obscure (for example instructions to fix⠝ the economy). Moscovici additionally proposes that inflexible minorities will in general have a less immediate impact than progressively adaptable minorities, which may infer that Palin needs to depict her perspectives as increasingly moderate. Alvaro and Crano (1997) recommend that circuitous minority impact might be viable at evolving mentalities. With an end goal to impact prominent sentiment about profoundly challenged and center policy driven issues (for example premature birth rights) she should focus on a related, less antagonistic issue (for example sex training in government funded schools). With the end goal for her to have any accomplishment at roundabout impact nonetheless, she needs to introduce herself as an ingroup part. She may concentrate on her way of life as a lady, a mother, refer to a long familial American legacy or some other potential cross-cutting classifications. She will have more achievement in the event that she depicts herself as progressively like most of Americans. Antiquated bias might be portrayed as unmistakable preference where separation is clear and open. Present day preference can be conceptualized as aversive prejudice (Gaertner Dovidio, 1986) which is described by inner conflict among sentiments and convictions related with a populist esteem framework and unacknowledged negative emotions and convictions about African Americans. For most Americans a populist esteem framework is imperative to the self-idea, requesting a nonprejudiced mental self view. This is the consequence of compassion toward survivors of past treacheries prompting backing of open strategies that advance racial uniformity. In any case, negative mentalities toward African Americans are as yet unavoidable. These sentiments and convictions might be gotten from an authentic and contemporary socially supremacist settings (making disquiet or inconvenience). They might be inclinations gotten from intellectual components that add to the improvement of generalizations. They ma y likewise create from any blend of authentic generalizations, institutional bigotry, requirement for confidence, or financial rivalry. Rather than the immediate connection between antiquated bigotry and demonstrations of preference, aversive bigotry has increasingly complex predecessors for articulation of bias. When there is frail, uncertain or clashing regularizing structure characterizing suitable connection or if a preferential reaction can be supported or legitimized through attribution to some factor other than race, actsof bias are bound to happen. When there is obviously proper regularizing structure and a partial reaction can't be defended demonstrations of bias are more averse to happen. Deindividuation impacts have traditionally been portrayed as hostile to standardizing conduct originating from diminished mindfulness and diminished self-assessment, happening when the nearness and personality of a gathering supplant singular character. Explicit precursors of deindividuation impacts were proposed by Zimbardo (1969), which included secrecy, tactile over-burden, novel circumstances, loss of individual obligation and substance misuse. Zimbardo recommended that deindividuation impacts showed as practices that were infringement of standards and to a great extent described as solitary. Diener (1980) further expounded on the impact as diminished mindfulness by an individual, making them receptive to outside upgrade over interior observing and arranging. Note that these old style originations of deindividuation impacts to a great extent as an individual procedure, as opposed to a gathering procedure. An increasingly contemporary model that challenges traditional conceptualizations of deindividuation is the social personality point of view on deindividuation impacts (SIDE; Reicher et al., 1995). The SIDE model suggests that deindividuation impacts can be categorized as one of two classifications; (a) psychological impacts and (b) vital impacts, contingent upon whether oneself or other gathering individuals are unknown. Subjective impacts are accepted to happen corresponding to others being mysterious or recognizable. At the point when bunch individuals are mysterious the individual tends to see markers of gathering enrollment, making social personality and gathering standards notable, anyway when other gathering individuals are recognizable, singular character gets remarkable, diminishing the intensity of gathering standards. Conversely, vital impacts happen when oneself is either mysterious or recognizable to the gathering. They are named as such in light of the fact that instead of being engaged with view of social personality, they are associated with showing social character. Studies recommended that when an individual was mysterious they communicated more culpable than unpunishable ingroup standards, when they were recognizable, they communicated more unpunishable than culpable ingroup standards. At the point when character

New Student Photo Entry #1 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

New Student Photo Entry #1 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog A few photos have started to roll in and I will work on getting them posted over time.   Thank you so much to all who have already responded!   First up, Diana Rodriguez, incoming MDP student. Place taken: Pacaya-Samiria Reserve, in the northern Peruvian Amazon (close to Iquitos) Description: These are children of the Cocama ethnic group who live in San Martin de Tipishca, a small town right by the Samiria River in the Peruvian Amazon Basin.   Leonela Ahuanari, the girl at the left end of the picture makes and sells necklaces and bracelets with seeds found in the rainforest. With proceeds from her sales she buys school supplies for herself and her cousins (also shown in the picture).   Leonelas father, Manuel and his brother, William, started an ecotourism project to generate income for their community. Place taken: San Roque de Cumbaza, San Martin Region, Peru Description: half an hour away from the city of Tarapoto, Peru, there is a small town right by the Cumbaza river in the Peruvian Amazon Basin.   Walking through the town to reach the river, I saw this chair holding a delicious fruit called zapote that is widely available in February and March. The composition of the chair against the doorway was stunningly beautiful.

Effects Of Stereotype Threat On Women s Performance

Alleviating The Effects of Stereotype Threat in Women’s Performance in STEM Tasks Stereotyping is a way for individuals to associate a group concept with a specified attribute. The association between two unrelated concepts can become linked via a third concept (e.g. the self). Drawn from this, there are two types of stereotypes, that is, implicit stereotypes and explicit stereotypes. Implicit stereotypes are linked to automatic thinking in the cognitive process, as individuals are not consciously aware of these thoughts and judgements. Explicit stereotypes are associated with the controlled thinking process in the brain, as they are expressed from past experiences and judgements (Payne, 2006). From this, Steele and Aronson’s (1995)†¦show more content†¦The aim of this essay is to discuss the effects of stereotype threat in women’s performance in STEM disciplines, and to examine the use of a social psychological approach to alleviate the effects of the stereotype threat. The topics throughout the paper will address the effects of stereotype threat for women in STEM tasks, the limitations of the stereotype threat model and alleviating stereotype threats for women in STEM tasks. Similar findings to Steele and Aronson (1995) were found in other performance tasks, such as the measure of sport strategic intelligence (Stone et al., 1999) and the link between gender, performance and stereotype threat (Spencer, Steele, Quinn, 1999), where there was clear evidence that individuals who felt they were being stereotyped, performed poorly. As Brown and Pinel (2002) stated, â€Å"the more people are aware of their stereotype, the greater the effect on their performance†. If the race of an individual or group is more prominent, the greater their performance level declines (e.g. African Americans’) (Aronson, Wilson Akert, 2013). The Effects Of Stereotype Threat For Women In STEM Tasks It is clearly evident that females in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) have a significant stereotype threat of not performing adequately to males. According to the French Association of Female Engineers (2007), there was an unequal gender distribution in STEM tasks. The percentage of women in

Early Childhood Education Of Children - 1122 Words

â€Å"Early roots of play as a best practice for early learning was documented by Plato, a Greek philosopher, who insisted that play is considered a natural activity of childhood.†(Ingrid Crowther, 2011, Pg. 2) Early Childhood Education is a term that refers to educational programs that are devoted to children from birth to the age of eight. â€Å"Children of this age learn by exploring and investigating; therefore, their environment should support and encourage this process.†(Rebecca Isbell and Betty Exelby, 2001, Pg. 11) Early childhood environments should be attractive and exciting. These environments should allow children to work and play using proper resources, materials, and tools. Early childhood education often focuses on learning through play or a center-based approach to learning. Jean Piaget was a philosopher who placed great importance on the education of young children. Piaget believed that learning comes from within and that children construct their own knowledge of the world through experience. â€Å"The research and theory of Jean Piaget concludes that play meets the physical, intellectual, language, emotional and social needs of children.† (wikipedia.org) Center-based learning means that teachers group materials for one type of focus together. There are a variety of centers involved in an early childhood classroom including science, math, blocks, dramatic play, music, literacy, reading, and technology. Each of these centers focuses and improves different skills andShow MoreRelatedEarly Education For Children : Early Childhood Educator1408 Words   |  6 PagesEarly education for children is very crucial as it helps shape up the foundation of their knowledge and behavior development process. Children begin to develop the sense of curiosity from the age of two. And from age 2-8, children go through a very crucial period of mental development, which shapes up their future mindset (Grayson, 2016). Early children education (ECE) has been listed as the number one priority of the National Association of Education. The teachers or educators at nursery and primaryRead MoreEducating Children At Early Childhood Education1421 Words   |  6 Pa gesâ€Å"It is easier to build strong children than to repair broken men.† These are the words of Frederick Douglass, and they are as true today as they ever were. As the focus on educating children at early ages has become more prevalent, the amount of research on what best practice is for early childhood education has grown. Out of the findings has sprouted programs like Reggio Emilia that attempt to reach children at a developmental level instead of an academic one. Because of the diverse nature ofRead MoreThe Effects Of Computers On Children s Early Childhood Education Essay1737 Words   |  7 Pageswhy would early childhood education be any different? From the beginning stages, there has always been a debate of whether computers have a positive or negative impact on children, young children especially. As computers have intergraded themselves into many children’s lives and their education, the debate is even more prominent. Supporters of computer use in early c hildhood education believe that with proper monitoring and the right software, computers can be only beneficial to children. If usedRead MoreEarly Childhood Education : Children s Understanding And Development Essay826 Words   |  4 PagesEarly childhood education typically pertains to the education of children who range in age from babies to kindergarten age. This does not start and end inside the class room. Early childhood training is debatably the most crucial phase of educational development as it is from this cornerstone that future development and learning happen. High quality programs need to incorporate teaching in reading capabilities, motor skills, vocabulary and communication abilities. This will create substantial benefitsRead MoreChildren s Learning Within Early Childhood Education1559 Words   |  7 PagesPlay in early childhood education is of great importance in the holistic development of children. Play is hard to define, due to its various presenting means. It must be regarded as an indispensable component of an individual’s development (Saracho, Olivia, Spodek Bernard,1998). Through play, the child interacts with their peers as they explore and participate in different activities. The role of the early childhood teachers is crucial in encouraging and stimulating children’s interest in playRead MoreEarly Childhood Education For Children From Low Income Households Essay1493 Words   |  6 Pages Early Childhood Education Early Childhood Educators work in the subset of education that focuses on the infant through preschool age group. Early Childhood Education creates a significant difference in a child development and learning abilities. There is a variety of avenues one can explore for their child’s pre-education. These specific programs are known by several different names, two of which are preschool and pre-K. Educators can work in many different programs with in churches, public schoolsRead MoreAboriginal Children And Early Childhood Education And Care : A Uncrc Approach3348 Words   |  14 Pages Restoring and strengthening the identities of First Nations, Mà ©tis and Inuit Children through Early Childhood Education and Care: A UNCRC approach Annotated Bibliography Children’s Rights Professor Rachel Caplan Brooke Groombridge- McLeod Ryerson University Introduction In Canada today, many Aboriginal children are facing a greater deal of challenges among the much larger national landscape. Often experiencing higher rates of poverty, crime, substance abuse, and child welfare, many AboriginalRead MoreWhy Should We Have Mandated Early Intervention And Early Childhood Education For Children With Disabilities2494 Words   |  10 PagesAlexis Smith Professor Lehr SE 504 25 October 2016 Final Exam Why should we have mandated early intervention and early childhood education for children with disabilities and their families? Provide a rationale for each. 8 pts. The benefits of early intervention (EI) and early childhood education (ECE) are very clear. They help improve children’s skills, knowledge, and way of navigating the world while having some form of a disability. EI is usually provided in the child’s home, giving their familyRead MoreEarly Childhood Education Is Supplying The Children s Marketplace During Identity Development858 Words   |  4 PagesWhen an educator enters a classroom they do so with tools aimed towards giving students an education. Along with a degree is a copy of the Australian Curriculum ([AC], 2015) and the Early Years Learning Framework ([EYLF], 2015); however, what is important for the educator to perceive is that an important part of early childhood education is supplying the children’s ‘marketplace’ during identity development. According to Siraj-Blatchford and Clarke (2004, p. 23) the effects of gender, culture andRead MoreProfessional Development in Early Childhood Educat ion Essay1320 Words   |  6 Pagestheir early childhood development are teacher professionals who have a passion and a genuine desire to help them learn, grow and succeed in their education. These are just a few roles that early childhood educators plays in the field of early childhood education for working with young children in their early childhood years of life, which the requirements, most of the time, are to have both a formal education and passing teacher-certification score. The National Association for Education of Young

Chinese Culture 1800-1900 Free Essays

It goes without question from 1800-1900 China was experiencing a decline, which had not been seen for quite some time. Problems such as overpopulation started to take its toll on the once-known elite nation, sending them into famine, lower standard of living, extreme mistreatment of females, especially at young ages and an unfit government that allowed chaos to unfold. Conflict arose in China, but was it due to internal affairs of the Chinese people and government, wanting to maintain its superiority over the West, or were outside forces to blame for the extreme change in culture?Both of these aspects united to form seemingly the perfect storm that sent Chinese culture into a downward spiral for excess of 60 years. We will write a custom essay sample on Chinese Culture 1800-1900 or any similar topic only for you Order Now At the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, peace was brought to a majority of China and allowed population to grow rapidly, and was estimated to be at about 300 million by the beginning of the nineteenth century. In a mere 50 years, China’s population increased by approximately 100 million. A 33 percent increase in just 50 years. Such increases had harsh impacts regarding the agricultural front.Food became a prized commodity as China’s overpopulation led to a famine, which the nation had never experienced during a stable and productive agricultural period. Every mountainous and hilly area was terraced and double-cropped in effort to produce a sufficient quantity of nourishment for everyone, but to no avail. As an effect, people began dying of starvation and malnutrition. Jobs were few and far between for the crowded work industry, leaving people unemployed and virtually worthless in the government’s eyes.This problem was not helped in any sense, when the British finally found the one item the Chinese would buy was opium. A drug which was once used for medicinal purposes was now being used in a recreational manner. Use of the drug created addictions among many people, having to feed their addictions by selling their children to receive the drug. Outraged, the emperor banned the production and importation of opium in 1800 and in 1813 banned the smoking of opium. British and American smugglers were still bringing the drug onto Chinese soil, selling it for large profits.Emperor Daoguang debated on how to deal with the crisis and entertained the idea of legalizing the sale of opium and taxing it, which would help money in the government and possibly make it too expensive for anyone to afford. Some of his officials disagreed and wanted the drug to be completely wiped out. Lin Zexu was given the job to fight the drug problem and get to the main source of where the drug was coming from. Zexu arrested many en route to finding the drug was being smuggled by British citizens. He sent 500 laborers in to destroy the supply, which was enough for the British to begin warring with the Chinese (The Opium War). The British took their navy and obliterated the Chinese in what is known as The Opium Warm. Following the destruction of the Chinese navy, for being far too old, the British made them sign the Treaty of Nanjing, which allowed five new ports to be opened for trade, gave British money for destruction of opium and demanded Hong Kong. Nearly a decade after, Britain felt China was not holding out its side of the treaty and teamed with France to attack the coast of China, once again.The attack was based around the desire for more trade ports to be opened. Again, the Chinese endured an onslaught, and an additional ten ports are opened, more money was paid and the Europeans could travel wherever they desired on Chinese land, while abiding by European law (The Opium War). Less than a decade after The Opium War, the Chinese were faced with unprecedented rebellions the world had never seen. The Taiping Rebellion lasted an astonishing 13 years and claimed the lives of approximately 30 million people and was driven by an unorthodox religion.Hong Xiuquan claimed to be the younger brother of Jesus Christ and began preaching to people around the nation to get them to follow his beliefs. After sweeping through parts of the country and destroying many temples and lives in the process, the idea of equalization was starting to be taught, although it never worked. The Taiping Rebellion was followed by the Nian and Muslim Rebellions, which weren’t as significant (Qing Dynasty). Self-strengthening was an idea brought about to help the Chinese get themselves out of such a rough time and back to the elite power they once were.Conflict again arose during the discussions, as the government could not agree upon a certain route to take in planning the idea. Empress Dowager Cixi was given power due to the death of the emperor, which left a 4-year-old for the throne. She was able to manipulate people in her court to do what she wanted and when she wanted. Cixi was conservative and allowed outsiders walk all over the Chinese, and again were demolished by the French. The Chinese were in a time where they were desperate to catch up with the rest of the western world.Reformations covered a vast amount of areas but mainly focused on the depleted militaristic aspect of China. Unfortunately China would not be able to make the next step and reach the level of France or Britain, having only weapons that were second-best. China missed its chance to make the leap needed to catch up with the rest of the vastly changing world. Outside pressures from France, Britain and Russia forced China into a corner, having to back down due to an unequal army and navy. Although, China was pressured from others, it created its own problems as well, with a government that could decide on nothing good for the people. Most of the conflicts were brought upon themselves, but the extra pressure from the West made China feel the hardship more than if it were only internal affairs which had brought the nation to struggle.Works Cited â€Å"Qing Dynasty. † www. mnsu. edu. Minnesota State University, Dec. 2003. Web. 23 Mar. 2010. . â€Å"The Opium War. † www. harvard. edu. Harvard University, 19 June 2002. Web. 23 Mar. 2010. . How to cite Chinese Culture 1800-1900, Papers

Vitruvian Man Lab Report Essay Example

Vitruvian Man Lab Report Paper Later on, around the year 1490, the artist and painter Leonardo Dad Vinci decided to keep examining about his Statement. His famous drawing consists on a man with straight arms and legs, inside a square that is inside a circle, the exactly same idea Of Vitreous. He showed that the ideal human body fitted precisely into both a circle and a square, and he thus illustrated the link that he believed existed between perfect geometric forms and the perfect UDF'(The British Library Board). According with Natalie Holdover the circle is shown as a divine symbol and the square as the earthly symbol. This idea relates to the ancient belief that the man was a tiny expression of the entire universe, which is now called microcosm. As a class, we were asked to test the validity of the Dad Vines Vitamin man. We recorded the information of everyone from the class, measuring the length of the outspread arms, the height, the distance from the elbow to the tip of the hand and the maximum width of the shoulders. Our goal was to discover it our emissions settled with the ideal humans proportion according to Dad Vines Vitamin man. Dad Vinci explained that for a human to have perfect proportions need to follow the next criteria: the length of the outspread arms needs to be equal to the height of the man, the distance from the elbow to the tip of the hand needs to be of the height of man, and the maximum width of the shoulders needs to be % of the height of the man. After going through this whole process got into a very concise conclusion, just two people in my class have the ideal human proportions. We will write a custom essay sample on Vitruvian Man Lab Report specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Vitruvian Man Lab Report specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Vitruvian Man Lab Report specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Hungary Ramirez and Maria Smiley are the only ones who fit into the three Of the Statements made by Dad Vinci and Vitreous. As is shown on table #1 and table #2, Handcar Ramies length Of the outspread arms is equal to her height; her distance from the elbow to the tip of her hand equals a % Of her height, same situation occurs on Maria Shimmies measurements. But on the third criteria you can see there is a difference between the maximum of their shoulders and their heights a difference of 1 CM. Even though their measurements have a difference of one CM. We can still say their proportions are idea, since we are account the uncertainties of 1. Several of my other classmates followed several criteria hut at the end they didnt fit exactly, for example as its shown on table #1 and table Amanda Kauffmann length of the outspread arms is equal to her height, and her distance from the elbow to the tip of her hand sis % of her height as well, but when it cones to the third criteria, the maximum width of the shoulders isnt a 1/4 of her height. The deterrence is about to 4 CM, which is an extremely small difference, since the maximum of her shoulders is about 39 CM and the of her height is about 43 CM. Evaluation: Due to the fact that the Dad Vines Vitamin man lab demonstrated failure on the past examinations, we can feel free to assume that many errors are shown in this experiment. The first error noticed is the fact that we measured everything With a small measuring tape instead of a big measuring tape, which didnt help since we were taller and bigger than the measuring tape, so we had to use two measuring tapes added together. Using a small measuring tape to find out these measurements ended being extremely inaccurate. After data collection we were not really sure if the numbers we got were real, and probably affected a lot on the way the exults came out. The lab activity validity started to be questionable now. By the time we were looking for the four measurements needed just one group of people from the class was using a measuring tape, the rest of the class were using two small ones (so they could have the same length). The way it worked was to put one in the top of the other and then add the numbers, which was hard for the person who was measuring since he didnt have enough hands to hold the small measuring tape in the bottom, in the middle (place in which both tapes were combined) and in the top. If one of the measuring tapes we were sing (top or bottom) moved a little bit, then the whole addition will change and the final result will end being inaccurate, A proposed solution to this error will be measure all of the quantities again with a big measuring tape, in this way, we could make sure that all of the measurements are more precise and that no movement of the person with the tape was going to affect on the validity of the research. Another error noticed is the fact that you can always make a mistake with the numbers and get confused, so maybe the numbers you got arent real. A great solution to this error will be measuring at least three times each of the four acquirement, Which at the end Will give us a more specific, secure, and valid answer. If we make another two measurements and we still get different numbers, we need to keep remaking this process until we start getting the same answer over and over again after repetitive results. Another big error was noticed on the width of the shoulders measurements specifically, since some people didnt know from which to which point it was, so in that way some people got a very inaccurate difference between this number and the 1/4 of the height off man. A good example that is shown is on table #1 ND table #2, were Sabina Classical and Alberta Gonzalez got a lot of difference between this two measurements. Sprains width of the shoulders is equal to 54 CM as is shown in the first table, and the % of the height of a mans equals to 39. In the other hand, Albertson measurements also had a huge difference between them. His width to the shoulders is equal to 65, and 1/4 to his height equals to 43, SO. After inspecting those numbers we can conclude that there is an error, since the rest of the students show on table #1 and table #2 do not have a difference higher than three CM between the numbers as both of this students had. This numbers are very inaccurate since the width of the shoulders and the % of the height are suppose to be exactly the same, and this is such a huge difference. A solution to this problem could be measuring the width of the shoulders and the of height of this students again, few still get such a huge difference between both numbers, then the solution could be measuring the four principles again for this two people, at least 3 or 4 times, until the numbers we get are much more accurate. One limitation observed was the fact that most of us, the students, are still in a transitory age, Which means we are still going through the process Of evildoing physically. Since we are not entirely developed we are not a secure source to prove if this statement is true or false. Our legs are not entirely developed yet either our arms or the rest of our body. Another limitation I found was the fact that we tested the validity on man and women, which variance wasnt explain on the theory. Men and women may not have the same proportions as just man. This affected the research because women composed most of the class, so there were only two men (Alberta and Luis). The last limitation founded was the fact that this research was made hundreds ND thousands years ago by Vitreous and Dad Vinci, but with evolution human sizes may have changes and the proportions may have also changed, this effect was also reflected in the lab results.

Designer comparision essays

Designer comparision essays Armin Hofmanns effect and significance as a Swiss designer included published the Graphic design manual: principals and practice in 1965. This book became a reference for many young designers and thus created a sort of design recipe that could be followed and repeated by others. This is one of the limitations of some of his work, it created a guidebook or path to follow that could be simply adding styling to create the international style. Hofmann was also an educator at Basle. His values were formal and focused on function, creating a science out of design. The limitations of his design were the rather rigid form and lack of self-expression on behalf of the designer. It seems to separate the designer from his/her work, rather than allowing them to work together. Weingarts opened Basle up to experimentation with typography and the concept that you can break the design rules of the day. He played with the elements of type while still expressing clarity and order. He brought liberal views and values to Basle in the late 60s. With his Non conformist style, reversing the avant-garde direction of the systematic designing. He played with shapes, aggressive color and expressed himself through his own design, while still keeping things in some sort of order and clarity. His work simply expressed and communicated the message, without adding unnecessary decorations or styling to the piece. Both Hofmann and Weigngarts work and teachings while at Basal influenced April Griman. Her work exemplifies both the formal values of Swiss typography and the visual experimentation and freedom that Weigngart expressed. This is showed in her book jacket cover for Building in LA, where she used aggressive visuals, and color mixed with ordered typography, to maintain the simplicity of the subject and message. ...

Insects and Other Arthropods That Make Galls

Insects and Other Arthropods That Make Galls Have you ever noticed unusual lumps, spheres, or masses on trees or other plants? These strange formations are called galls. Galls come in many sizes and shapes. Some galls look and feel like pompoms, while others are hard as rocks. Galls may occur on every part of plants, from the leaves to the roots. What Are Galls? Galls are abnormal growths of plant tissue trigger in response to an injury to or an irritation of the plant, usually (but not always) caused by some living organism. Nematodes, bacteria, fungi, and viruses can all cause the formation of galls on trees, shrubs, and other plants. Most galls, however, result from insect or mite activity. Gallmaking insects or mites initiate gall formation by feeding on a plant, or by laying eggs on plant tissues. The insects or mites interact with the plant during a period of rapid growth, such as when leaves are opening. Scientists believe that gallmakers secrete chemicals that regulate or stimulate plant growth. These secretions cause rapid cell multiplication in the affected area of the meristematic tissue. Galls can only form on growing tissue. Most gallmaking activity occurs in the spring or early summer. Galls serve several important purposes for the gallmaker. The developing insect or mite resides within the gall, where it is sheltered from the weather and from predators. The young insect or mite also feeds on the gall. Eventually, the mature insect or mite emerges from the gall. After the gallmaking insect or mite leaves, the gall remains behind on the host plant. Other insects, such as beetles or caterpillars, may move into the gall for shelter or to feed. Which Insects Make Galls? Insects that make galls include certain kinds of wasps, beetles, aphids, and flies. Other arthropods, like mites, can cause gall formations, too. Each gallmaker produces its own unique gall, and you can often tell which kind of insect made the gall by its shape, texture, size, and host plant. Psyllids  -  Some jumping plant lice, or psyllids, produce galls. If you find galls on hackberry leaves, theres a good chance it was caused by a psyllid. They feed in spring, triggering the formation of two well-known leaf galls: hackberry nipple galls, and hackberry blister galls.Gallmaking aphids  -  Aphids  belonging to the subfamily Eriosomatinae cause gall formations on the stems and petioles of certain trees, most notably cottonwood and poplar. Aphid galls vary in shape, from a cockscomb-shaped growth on elm leaves to a cone-shaped gall that forms on witch hazel.Gallmaking adelgids  -  Gallmaking adelgids target conifers, for the most part. One common species,  Adelges abietis, causes pineapple-shaped galls on Norway and white spruce twigs, as well as on Douglas fir. Another, the Cooley spruce gall adelgid, makes galls that look like cones on Colorado blue spruce and white spruce.Phylloxerans  -  Phylloxerans (family Phylloxeridae), though tiny, do their sha re of gallmaking, too. The most notorious of the group is the grape phylloxera, which produces galls on both the roots and leaves of grape plants. In 1860, this North American insect was accidentally introduced into France, where it nearly destroyed the wine industry. French vineyards had to graft their grape vines onto phylloxera-resistant rootstock from the U.S. to save their industry. Gall wasps  -  Gall wasps, or cynipid wasps, comprise the largest group of gallmaking insects, with over 1,000 species known globally. Cynipid wasps produce most of the galls on oak trees and plants within the rose family. Some gall wasps oviposit in galls created by other species, rather than induce the growth of their own. Cynipid wasps sometimes develop within galls that have fallen from the host plant.  Jumping oak galls  are so named because they roll and bounce around the forest floor as the larva inside moves.Gall midges  -  Gall midges or gall gnats make up the second largest group of gallmaking insects. These true flies belong to the family Cecidomyiidae, and are quite tiny, measuring 1-5 mm in length. The maggots, which develop within the gall, come in strangely bright colors like orange and pink. Midge galls form on various parts of plants, from the leaves to the roots. Common galls formed by gall midges include the pinecone willow gall and the maple leaf spot. Gall flies  -  Some genera of fruit flies produce stem galls.  Eurosta  gall flies develop and overwinter within goldenrod galls. Some  Urophora  gall flies were introduced into North America from their native Europe, as biocontrols for invasive plants like knapweed and bull thistle. Gallmaking sawflies  -  Sawflies produce some unusual galls, most commonly on willows and poplars. The leaf galls induced by  Phyllocolpa  sawflies look like someone crimped or folded the leaves. The sawfly larva feeds within the crinkled leaf.  Pontania  sawflies produce strange, globular galls that protrude through both sides of a willow leaf. Some  Euura  sawflies cause petiole swelling in willows.Gallmaking moths  -  A few moths make galls, too. Some micromoths in the genus  Gnorimoschema  induce stem galls in goldenrod, where the larvae pupate. The midrib gall moth produces an odd leaf formation in buckthorn. The center of the leaf is rolled tight, with the sides joining to form a pouch in which the larva resides.Beetles and weevils  -  A handful of metallic wood-boring beetles (Buprestridae) are known to produce galls in their host plants.  Agrilus ruficollis  induces galls in blackberries.  Ruficollis  translates to redneck, a specific name that refers to this insects red  pronotum. Another species,  Agrilus champlaini, creates galls in Ironwood. Long-horned beetles of the genus  Saperda  also produce galls, in stems and twigs of alder, hawthorn, and poplar. A few weevils also cause swellings in their host plants tissues.  Podapion gallicola, for example, causes galls in pine twigs. Gall mites  -  Gall mites of the family Eriophyidae produce unusual galls on leaves and flowers. The mites begin feeding on their host plants just as buds are opening in the spring. Eriophyid galls may form as finger-like projections or warty bumps on leaves. Some gall mites produce a velvety discoloration of the leaves. Will Galls Damage My Plants? Insect enthusiasts and naturalists probably find insect galls interesting or even beautiful. Gardeners and landscapers, though, may be less enthused to discover insect galls on trees and shrubs and may be concerned about insect gall damage. Fortunately, with few exceptions, insects galls do not damage trees and shrubs. While they may look unsightly, particularly on specimen trees, most healthy, well-established trees and shrubs will be unaffected by galls in the long run. Heavy gall formations may slow growth. Because the negative impact of galls on plants is largely aesthetic, control measures for galls or  gallmaking insects  are rarely warranted. Leaf galls will fall off, either with the leaves themselves or from the leaves once the insect or mite has emerged. Galls on twigs and branches can be pruned out. A gall that has already formed cannot be treated or sprayed to eliminate it. The gall is part of the plant itself. Gallmaking insects, it should be noted, will attract their own biological controls in the form of  parasitoids  and predators. If your landscape is riddled with galls this year, give it time. Nature will restore the balance in your ecosystem.

The physiology of anhydrobiosis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The physiology of anhydrobiosis - Essay Example The following critical discussion will detail the process of anhydrobiosis and the means by which organisms affects it within a chemical sense. Further, distinct differentials of this process will be discussed as well as the stages of growth, dormancy, and re-animation that it involves. The process of anhydrobiosis can be briefly defined as a process whereby organisms purge themselves of liquid water and slow respiration to the point of near stasis; as a means of surviving environmentally challenging situations for a very long period of time. As a function of seeking to understand and define this process to a greater degree, the following discussion will represent the ways in which this process takes place within various organisms and describe the chemical changes that facilitate the anhydrobiotic process to begin and to end. One of the most interesting aspects of the evolutionary process has to do with the fact that it is oftentimes currently represented within existing metabolic processes. One of these processes is what is known as â€Å"anhydrobiosis†; or life without water. Whereas the definition that has been given is somewhat flawed, due to the fact that even within organisms that do experience certain degrees of anhydrobiosis – a very small percentage of water is still evident, the process itself allows for a variety of different organisms to adapt and continue to survive environmentally challenging periods of time; periods that are invariably categorized by very low levels of available water (Womersley, 1981). This process in turn allows for the nut, seed, pollen, spore, or nematode to go into a state of dormancy until liquid water returns to its native environment and it can once again begin the process of cell respiration as it had prior to going into anhydrobiosis. As a function of critically analyzing this particular process and discussing some of the compote and molecular

Modernism Visual Comical Strips Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Modernism Visual Comical Strips - Research Paper Example The essay "Modernism Visual Comical Strips" discovers modernism and visual comical strips. The modernism arts focused on freedom and individuality as evidence from Pablo Picasso’s art works. Modernism art, therefore, saw the emergence of some new media especially photography thus it emerged during the eras of history of photography and this explains why history records the photographers of 19th century. Modernism also marked the beginning of the new art forms like animation, assemblage, cinematography and even the avant-garde art, including the earliest conceptual art forms and the same style was used on comic strips as the same themes are portrayed in the modernism cartoons and other visual comedy. Style and setting of modernism comical strips used backgrounds that showed how the society evolved to become civilized. In most modernism comedies, the artists used black and white backgrounds to show an evolving society unlike the postmodernist artists that have used technology to affect the backgrounds to the desired colors. On the other hand, most of the modernism comedies centered on war and how servants served their masters. Moreover, modernism visual comedy shows the activities of social organization, architecture, and economic situations in the modernist era that become outdated as industrial revolution took over the world. Post modernism art came about after the emergence of modernism arts and as such, contradicted the aspects of the modernism art. Post modernism in visual art includes general aspects.

Evidence Based Practice in Nursing Essay

Evidence Based Practice in Nursing Essay Introduction Evidence based practice is a complex experience that requires synthesizing study findings to establish the best research evidence and correlate ideas to form a body of empirical knowledge (Burns Grove 2007). There are many definitions but the most commonly used is Sackett et al (1996). Sackett et al (1996) as cited in Pearson, Field, Jordon, (2007) describes evidence based practice: â€Å"the conscientious, explicit and judicious use of current best available evidence in making decisions about the care of individual patients. The practice of evidence based medicine means integrating individual clinical experience with the best available external evidence from systematic research†. (Sackett et al 1996 page 5). The author will discuss the importance of evidence for practice, different types and levels of evidence. The research process, dissemination of evidence, barriers and will conduct a critique of two research articles. The importance of evidence based practice is to enable nurses to provide high quality care, improve outcomes for patient and families and to run a more efficient health service. Therefore other agencies within the health service will benefit when interventions and care is based on research (Burns Grove 2007). According to the Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) code nurses are accountable to society to provide a high quality of care so therefore it is important that nurses reflect, evaluate the care and keep abreast of new knowledge and evidence that is available (Burns Grove 2007). Providing a streamlined service, which is cost effective and based on current evidence based practice has shown to reduce cost but also to enhances the quality of care the patient receives (Melnyk et al2010). Working in partnership with the nurse the patient is able to participate in decisions about their care. This is not only beneficial for the patient but also increases the satisfaction of the nurse treating the patient (Craig Smyth 2007). Furthermore Craig Smyth (2007) suggests evidence based practice is a problem-solving approach to the delivery of health care. In using a problem solving approach the nurse is able to integrate clinician expertise and patient preferences to provide individualized care suitable for the patient. To acquire knowledge in the past, nurses have relied on decisions based on trail or error, personal experience, tradition and ritual. Parahoo (2006) suggests learning by tradition and ritual are important means of transferring knowledge, for example learning the ward routine. According to Brooker and Waugh (2007) Students learn from effective colleagues who practice safety and on the basis of best evidence. However, a disadvantage of this method of learning may lead to transmission of invalid information and may put the patient and nurse at risk (Brooker Waugh 2007). According to Burns and Grove (2007) to generate knowledge a variety of research methods are needed. The two different research methods are quantitative and qualitative. According to Burns and Grove (2007) quantitative research is an objective formal systematic process and demonstrates its findings in numerical data. According Munhall (2001) qualitative research is gathering information to describe life experiences throu gh a systematic and subjective approach and does not use figures or statistics to produce findings. In nursing practice the quantitative approach has been considered to provide stronger evidence than qualitative (Pearson, Field, Jordon, 2007). Pearson, Field, Jordon (2007) suggest health professionals and servicer users require a variety of information to facilitate change and to include evidence not only of effectiveness but feasibility, appropriateness and meaningfulness to achieve evidence based health care practice. Evidence based practice promotes the application of research evidence as a basis on which to make health care decisions so it is important to search for the truth and knowledge logically. Robust research which may draw on expertise and experience represent a higher level of evidence because of the discipline involved (Burns Grove 2007). There are thirteen steps in the quantitative research process and one step gradually builds on another (Burns Grove2007). The beginning of the research process starts with a problem which usually highlights a gap in knowledge (Melnyk Fine-Overholt 2005). The next step is the purpose of the research. This is produced from the problem and identifies the aim of the study (Burns Grove2007). To build a picture up of what is known or not known about the problem a literature review is conducted. This will provide current theoretical and scientific knowledge about the problem and highlight gaps in the knowledge base (Burns Grove 2007). This is followed by the study framework and research objectives, questions and hypotheses. This continues to the end till all the steps are covered. The final step is the research outcome. Hierarchy of evidence is generated from the quality of information from different evidence. Practitioners are able to use the hierarchy of evidence to inform them on which information is most likely to have the maximum impact on clinical decisions (Leach 2006). Leach (2006) suggests hierarchy of evidence may be used to discover research findings that supersede and invalidate earlier accepted treatments and change them with interventions that are safer, efficient and cost-effective. If findings from a controlled trial are inadequate, choices should be guided by the next best available evidence (Leach 2006). According to Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN 2009) the revised grading system is planned to place greater weight on the quality of the evidence supporting each recommendation, and to highlight that the body of evidence should be considered as a whole, and not rely on a single study to support each recommendation. The grading system currently in use with the SIGN guidelines starts with 1++ and ends in 4. For the evidence to be rated at 1++ it must include a high quality meta-analyses, systematic reviews of random controlled trails (RCT) or RCT with a low risk of bias. Level 4 is based on expert opinion (SIGN 2009). There are many barriers to implementing evidence based practice. One of the common barriers is staff information and skill deficit. Health professionals lack of knowledge in regarding results of clinical research or current recommendations may not have the sufficient technical training skill or expertise to implement change (Pearson, Field, Jordon 2007). Nurses have also highlighted lack of time as a barrier in applying research to practice. As the number of patients increases nurses face the challenge of providing safe, high-quality care within a short time frame. Nurse educators and researchers have developed a â€Å"toolkit† to ease the implementation of evidence based practice into nursing (Smith, Donez Maghiaro 2007). According to Gerrish and Lacey (2006) dissemination is a process of informing people about the results of a particular research. There are many ways to present results, video, seminars and the most accepted is through professional journals. However with the internet being more assessable the researcher is able to post details on the website hosted by NHS trust or university. One disadvantage in using the internet is that it provides no guarantee of quality (Gerrish Lacey 2006). SIGN guidelines are circulated free of charge throughout Nation Health Service (NHS) Scotland. For this to happen they must be made widely available as soon as possible to facilitate implementation. Furthermore guidelines on their own have proved ineffective and more likely if they are disseminated by active educational intervention and implemented by patient-specific reminders relating directly to professional activity (SIGN 2009). Critique 1 Rydstrom I, Dalheim-Englund A, Holritz-Rasmussen B, Moller C, Sandman P-O (2005). Asthma quality of life for Swedish children.Journal of Clinical Nursing 14, 739-749. Blackwell Publishing Ltd. As the title suggests this was a research to find out how Swedish children with asthma experience their quality of life and to look for potential links between their experience of quality of life and some determinants. This study was accomplished by using a quantitative research approach which adhered to the aims and objectives. Quantitative research is formal, objective, systematic inquiry that involves numerical data (Burns Grove 2007). The two stages used in the quantitative research were correlation and quasi-experimental (Burns Grove 2007). This is an acceptable method to use as the study was trying to explore the relationship between two variables and the findings were produced in a numerical format. In previous literature it was noted investigations in children with asthma around the world all had similar experiences (Rydstrom et al2005).It also highlighted that girls and boys perceived asthma in a different way and girls were more likely to include asthma in their social and personal identities where boys would exclude the condition (Williams 2000). The researchers wanted to ask the children how they experience their life living with asthma. Also to look at possible links between childrens quality of life and determinants such as age, sex, pets, siblings, location and social status (Rydstrom et.al. 2005). Some common types of sampling used in quantitative research are random and non-random samples (Burns and Grove 2007). In the article for the purpose of this study all hospitals and clinics were used and fifteen were chosen randomly for the study (Rydstrom et al2005). Both children and parents were asked to participate in the study but children had to meet the inclusion criteria before being selected (Rydstrom et al2005). By using a random sample the general population becomes representative of the larger whole (Parahoo 2006). Validity was established by cross-matching Paediatric Asthma Quality of life Questionnaire (PAQLQ) with About my Asthma (AMA), by Mishoe et.al.(1998). Warschburger (1998) recommended that PAQLQ was a reliable instrument and Reichenberg Brogerg (2000) found that there was no difference concerning reliability between the Swedish and the original PAQLQ. The study was approved by The Ethics Committee at the Medical Faculty of Umea University in Sweden and consent was received from parents and children. Burns and Grove (2007) define sampling as a process of selecting groups of people who are representative of the population. Data was collected through self administration questionnaires. There advantages and disadvantages in using questionnaires. Advantage firstly, the data is gathered is standardised and therefore easy to analyse. Secondly, respondents can answer anonymously which may produce more honest answers. A disadvantage is the responses may be inaccurate especially through misinterpretation of questions in self completing questionnaires. (Gerrish Lacey 2006). Children age seven to seventeen were required to fill in Paediatric Asthma Quality of life Questionnaire (PAQLQ) which was used to measure the childrens quality of life in different domains. Parents were required to fill in Paediatric Asthma Caregivers Quality of life Questionnaire (PACQLQ) (Rydstrom et al2005). Children and parents filled in questionnaires separately and a nurse was on hand to help children who could not manage on their own. The researchers clearly identify what statistical tests were undertaken. However the results are presented in a complex manner. The results showed the majority of children estimated their quality of life at the positive end of the scale. Children reported impairment in the domain of activities than emotions and symptoms for example not being able to run around. Living in the south of Sweden and being a boy were reported to have a better quality of life. Furthermore children living with a Mum over forty or with cohabiting parents had a better quality of life (Rydstrom et al2005). The researchers brought to the attention of the reader the laminations within the study. Children view friends and their social environment being important to them however there were no questions relating to this and also it did not take into consideration the childs stage of development (Rydstrom et al2005). Also the research was done within a week, therefore would the results be different if it was done over a longer period. This was not a controlled research so there is a possibility that some data may be missing as nobody was checking to see if the children had filled in all the questions. The findings highlight it is important for the nurse to look at all aspects of the child development. Furthermore caring tends to focus on the patients limitations, another important issue for nurses is to try to discover those aspects in a childs daily life that contribute to a high QoL in order to improve and maintain the childs wellbeing. Critique 2 Lyte, Milnes, Keating Finke 2007. Review management for children with asthma in primary care: a qualitative case study.Journal of Nursing and Healthcare of Chronic Illness in association with Journal of Clinical Nursing 16, 7b, pp123-132 As the title suggests this research article will focus on review management for children with asthma within a primary care setting. This study was accomplished by using a qualitative case study design. In using a qualitative case study design it can provide much more comprehensive information than what is available through other methods, such as surveys (Neale, Thapa Boyce 2006). Neale, Thapa Boyce (2006) suggest case studies also allow one to present data collected from multiple methods (i.e., surveys, interviews, document review, and observation) to provide the complete story. Qualitative research is systematic, subjective approach (Burns Grove 2007) which describes life experiences, meanings, practices and views of those involved (Craig Smyth 2007). In the UK one in eight children suffers from the effects of asthma and the majority of cases are now being managed in the primary care setting (National Asthma Campaign 2001). With improvement in management of asthma over the years there is still a high level of morbidity and mortality (Lyte et al2005). Out of Sight, Out of Mind (Asthma UK 2005) agrees with Lyte et al(2005) that death rates are high. In Scotland the death rates due to asthma vary each year. Furthermore inquires have shown at least 90% of those deaths could have been avoided. However child admissions to hospital due to asthma have fallen slightly (Out of Sight, Out of Mind Asthma UK 2005). Furthermore it was highlighted through a systematic review of literature published at the time of research that it was unknown whether primary care based asthma clinics were effective. Additionally it concluded that patients views on asthma clinics were also unknown (Fay et al2003). One cannot ignore the fact that there are evident gaps in generic knowledge of primary care asthma services for children in the UK (Lyte et al2005). Therefore the aim of the study is to investigate current review management of childrens asthma in one primary care trust and to consider the views of children, their parents/carers and the role of the practice nurse in asthma care in one primary care trust (Lyte et al2005). For the purpose of this research Lyte et al(2005) used purposive sampling to gather information. Craig Smyth (2007) suggests there are various methods can be applied to data collection. Lyte et al(2005) used interviews, observations and reviews of available documentation regarding asthma (Artefactual). In using this type of sampling the researchers can be specific on the groups they wanted to target. However they may be an element of bias as the practice nurse selected the parents and children for this research. To strengthen the research the researchers used triangulated methods for data collection. According to Craig Smyth (2007) the theory behind triangulation if multiple sources, methods, investigators or theories provide similar findings their creditability is strengthened. The study was approved by the Local Research Ethics Committee and the Universitys Senate Ethics Committee. Throughout the research during the data collection consent was treated as an ongoing process. However there was difficulty in communicating with children. To solve this problem, when meeting with the children the researchers would go through the informed consent and voluntary participation again. Confidentially of all participants were protected and guaranteed by the Data Protection Act. Children expressed a wish to participate and share information in the research (Lyte et al 2005). However some children felt through the research of not being involved. Lyte et al (2005) suggested it is the childs personality that determines how much response the practice nurse receives. It is often said good communication in nursing is crucial and is the foundation of building trust and encourages children to seek advice. It is important to communicate with children appropriately to match the stage of development (The Common Core of Skills Knowledge 2010). Ultimately effective communication allows for the exchange of information, needs and preferences of the patient between herself and the patient (The Common Core of Skills Knowledge 2010). However Hobbs (1995) suggests that some practice nurses may not have the training in regarding complexities of caring for children and their families. One cannot deny that it is important for practitioners to have the appropriate training (Alde rson 2000) because children have equal rights to contribute to their care as well as adults (Save the Children 1997). It was noted that children did not have sufficient knowledge about asthma. Furthermore parents and children highlighted that there was insufficient information on asthma in the primary care setting. For children and adults to make informed choices regarding their asthma they require having up to date information to help them in making decisions. Equally in one practice it was identify that the practice nurse lack confidence in caring for children with asthma and Hobbs (1995) confirms this lack of confidence and points out that practice nurses deal with arrange of illnesses. Parents and children in the study both agreed that one area for improvement was the waiting room (Lyte 2005). Some children may find going to the doctor a very frightening experience. The first expression needs to be reassuring and non-threatening. (Making Your Waiting Room Kid-Friendly 2006). The waiting room should be child friendly and also have books, television/video for older children. With todays technology many children use computers in the classroom. Some computer programs are touch-screen driven, making them friendly to all levels. Providing a computer in the waiting room may be ideal opportunity to encourage children to show off their technical skills by accessing the computer for health-related information (Making Your Waiting Room Kid-Friendly 2006). It might be concluded from this research the strengths outweigh the weaknesses, despite the research being conducted in one primary care trust. The most satisfactory conclusion that can come from this, to facilitate children and parents a comprehensive package of care needs to be put in place in order to manage their asthma effectively. References Burns N, Grove S, (2007). Understand Nursing Research, Building an Evidence-BasedPractice. Fourth Ed Craig J V, Smyth R L (eds). (2007). The Evidence-Based Practice Manual for Nurses. China: Churchhill Livingstone Elsevier. Leach M J (2006). Evidence -based practice: A framework for clinical practice and research design. International Journal of Nursing Practice. 12, pp 248-251 Lyte, Milnes, Keating Finke 2007. Review management for children with asthma in primary care: a qualitative case study.Journal of Nursing and Healthcare of Chronic Illness in association with Journal of Clinical Nursing 16, 7b, pp123-132 Melnyk, Mazurek , Fineout-Overholt, Ellen, Stillwell, Susan, Williamson, (2010). Evidence-Based Practice: Step by Step: The Seven Steps of Evidence-Based Practice. AJN, American Journal of Nursing: January 2010 Volume 110 Issue 1 pp 51-53 Mishoe SC, Baker RR, Poole S, Harrell LM, Arrant CB Rupp NT (1998). Development of an instrument to assess stress levels and quality of life in children with asthma.Journal of Asthma 35, 553-563. Munhal (2001) cited in Burns N, Grove S, (2007). Understand Nursing Research, Building an Evidence-BasedPractice. Fourth Ed Questionnaires a brief introduction [online]. (2006) [Accessed 15th March]. Available from: . Reichenberg K Broberg AG (2000) Quality of life in childhood asthma: use of the paediatric Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire in a Swedish sample of children 7-9 yearsold. Acta Paediatrica 89, 989-995. Roberts P et al(2006). Reliability and Validity in research. Nursing Standard. 20,44, 41-45 Rydstrom I, Dalheim-Englund A, Holritz-Rasmussen B, Moller C, Sandman P, (2004). Asthma quality of life for Swedish children. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 14, pp739-749. Sackett et al (1996) pp 5 cited in Pearson A, Field J, Jordan Z (eds). (2007). Evidence-Based Clinical Practice in Nursing and Health Care. Singapore: Blackwell Publishing. Williams (2000) cited in Rydstrom I, Dalheim-Englund A, Holritz-Rasmussen B, Moller C, Sandman P, (2004). Asthma quality of life for Swedish children. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 14, pp739-749. Warschburger P (1998) Measuring the quality of life of children and adolescents with asthma The pediatric asthma quality of life questionnaire.Rehabilitation 37, XVII-XXIII.

Response Journal for “The Charmer” by Budge Wilson Essay

Budge Wilson’s â€Å"The Charmer† is a remarkable tale of loss, morality, and love. It is the story of how a young girl comes to realize that her devilishly handsome brother is nothing more than a charmer. It is set in a 1950’s Halifax home where Zachary, the narrator’s brother, repeatedly abuses his privileges and takes advantage of his family. Zack seems to believe that his looks will help him escape any situation he may find himself in. He uses his sense of humour and charm to manipulate his family and friends. Zack has a way of making those around him feel special, and uses this quality to his advantage. His sister, Winnifred, washes his bike and fetches his baseball glove just to see his â€Å"flashing Colgate smile† and to be called Posie, the nickname he has chosen for her to let her know that she has measured up. He is aware that the cake his mother has baked is not meant for him, yet he eats it anyway. He offers an insincere but convincing apology, and she starts to bake another cake. His family are his willing slaves, and it is only after the tragedy of Lizzie’s death that they finally begin to see who Zachary really is. Zack is the imperfect model son, but his family is too blinded by love to see his flaws. His fake apologies somehow manage to touch their hearts, and allow them to forgive all of his mistakes. Zachary steals money and alcohol from his parents, but manages to get away with it. He gambles and crashes the family car, but goes unpunished. He is â€Å"the only son, the only brother, the oldest child,† but even more than that, he is as the title implies, the charmer. Despite his good looks and charming personality, Zachary does not accomplish anything in life. At twenty-four, he still lives at home, still wolfs down chocolate cakes, and still borrows the family car. He spends his money on his girlfriends and his alcohol, and gambles away what is left of it. He loses job after job, and is becoming, if he is not yet, an alcoholic. Zack has so much offered to him, but fails to apply himself to improve his situation. However, he cannot be held entirely responsible for his failures, as his family holds some of the blame. If they had only shown less sympathy, and had seen past his false facade, he would have learned early on that he  could not charm his way through life. The conclusion of the story is quite ironic, as the narrator’s daughter displays the very same deceiving qualities that her brother was famous for. Winnifred describes her daughter, Lizzie, as â€Å"pretty and mischievous† and is aware that Zachary was the same way. She is reminded of the manner in which her parents treated Zachary, and learns from their mistakes. She refuses to allow her daughter to become what Zack has, and punishes her accordingly. To portray the themes of this story, the author used a number of literary devices such as, allusion, characterization, flashback and paradox. Allusion is clear as the author refers to Zachary’s â€Å"Colgate† smile, and to the famous people that Winnifred often sees on television. These stars include Clark Gable, John Wayne, Kirk Douglas, Steve McQueen, Mick Jagger, John Lennon, Burt Reynolds, and Tyrone Power. Characterization is used to create Zachary’s character. The narrator says that her brother is charming, intelligent, and fun, but nevertheless a devil. Others say that he is sensitive, while he thinks he can escape any situation. He interacts with other characters, and uses them to further his own cause. The entire story is based on flashback, since the narrator is recounting the events of her childhood, and finishes the story by speaking of an incident that takes place when she is an adult. The paradox of this story is evident when the mother refers to Zack and says, â€Å"This is his way of coping. He’s probably suffering more than the rest of us.† The truth of this statement is highly improbable, since Zack seems to care for no one but himself, and does not even bother to visit his younger sister though he knows she is deathly ill. However, the character may be suffering emotional pain that his actions do not let on. â€Å"The Charmer† presents a timeless, captivating situation, which every reader can in one way or another, relate to. It is the tale of a sister, who sees her brother for who he is, and not who he pretends to be. It is a tale of a mother who cannot accept that her son is imperfect, and of a father who struggles to see past his own love for his son. Primarily, however, it is the story of one boy who ages into adulthood, yet does not mature, and who  hurts his family, yet feels no remorse beyond that which he pretends to.

Wuthering Heights by Emily Brontë A Perfect...

Consider the reason why the gothic style of literature and the arts has been culturally relevant ever since its precedent-setting works. It is that gothic literature tells the audience exactly what they do not want to hear about themselves. Most gothic artists/authors are brutally honest in how they depict human nature: greedy, sinister, and above all, hopeless. This essential element of gothic, with the inclusion of the supernatural, takes the main stage in Emily Brontà «Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s Wuthering Heights. This story of romance, mystery, and violence is not only the epitome of the gothic novel, but also a social commentary that rings true for the human race in its entirety. In a sense, Wuthering Heights is a true story, not because the characters and events are factual, but because Brontà « writes the story in a way that the truth is left up to the reader. She utilizes several devices that are repeated throughout the novel to achieve this. One which is ever-present is the use of multiple lenses on the story. The fact that the story is told from several unreliable, biased narrators as opposed to Brontà « herself offers the reader a story in the same way one would receive a real-world story. Another device Brontà « uses is the repetition imagery of Wuthering Heights as a three way battlefield dividing heaven, hell, and the earth. The christian imagery, especially those which closely align Heathcliff with John Milton’s Byronic Satan in Paradise Lost, demonstrate a human consciousness thatShow MoreRelatedAnalysis of Katherine Mansfields The Garden Party1526 Words   |  6 Pagesmuch when he tells Yossarian that it is good for him to be frightened, because it proves [he is] alive (Heller 249). Essentially, Yossarian is forced to earn the right to live by first traveling to the underworld and facing it directly. 3. Wuthering Heights does not contain a journey into the underworld that is as explicit or obvious as the journeys in The Garden Party and Catch-22, but one can actually read the entire novel itself as a journey into the underworld, with Lockwood serving as theRead MoreEssay on Emily Bronte Illusion and Reality3043 Words   |  13 PagesA consideration of how Emily Bronte, Tennessee Williams and Shakespeare consider the notion of illusion and reality in the context of a love story. Wuthering Heights follows the Romantic Movement, a movement within literature during the late 18th century with captured intense emotion and passion within writing as opposed to rationalisation. Emily Bronte’s main focal point within the novel is the extreme emotion of love and whether it leads to the characters contentment or ultimate calamity. ThisRead MoreThe Relation of Evil and Love in Wuthering Heights by Emily Bronte1964 Words   |  8 PagesThe Relation of Evil and Love in Wuthering Heights by Emily Bronte This study will examine Emily Brontes novel Wuthering Heights, focusing on how evil is related to love. The study will explore the main relationship in the book, the relationship between Heathcliff and Catherine. That relationship is full of both love and evil and will show us what happens when evil and love become tied to one another. The first thing we need to do is define evil. It is perhaps impossible to define love

A Look at Kinesthetic Learners and Methods

A Look at Kinesthetic Learners: Kinesthetic learners typically learn best by doing. They are naturally good at physical activities like sports and dance. They enjoy learning through hands-on methods. They typically like how-to guides and action-adventure stories. They might pace while on the phone or take breaks from studying to get up and move around. Some may seem fidgety, having a hard time sitting still in class. Key Learning Methods: Kinesthetic learners learn best through doing including manipulating items, simulations and role plays, and other methods for presenting subject matter that physically involve them in the learning process. They enjoy and learn well from experimenting and first hand experience. Further, they learn best when activities are varied during a class period. Ways to Adapt Lessons: Vary instruction not only from day-to-day but also within a single class period. Provide students with as many opportunities as your curriculum warrants to complete hands-on work. Allow students to role-play to gain further understanding of key concepts. Provide students with the opportunity to work in small discussion groups as they study materials. If possible, plan a field trip that can help reinforce key concepts. Allow students to stretch partially through the class if they seem to become restless. Other Learning Styles: Visual Learners Auditory Learners